what materials are good insulators

Composition and Structure:

Fiberglass is made by melting glass at high temperatures and drawing it into fine strands.

These strands form a porous, large-surface-area network that effectively blocks heat and electrical conduction.

Insulation Performance

Electrical Insulation:

Fiberglass has excellent electrical insulation. Its high resistivity effectively prevents current flow. It performs well even under high voltage, making it ideal for transformers, motors, and cables. For instance, fiberglass-reinforced insulation rods used in high-voltage switches provide both strong insulation and mechanical strength.

Thermal Insulation:

Fiberglass also has great thermal insulation properties due to its low thermal conductivity.

In buildings, fiberglass-reinforced materials are used in walls, roofs, and floors to retain heat and enhance energy efficiency. In industry, it's used to insulate furnaces, pipelines, and equipment to reduce heat loss and boost productivity.

Other Advantages:

Fiberglass insulation is chemically stable and resists acids and alkalis, maintaining insulation in harsh environments. It is also strong and durable, and can be shaped into various forms to meet different needs. Additionally, it's non-combustible, enhancing fire safety wherever it’s used.

Applications:

Beyond electrical and construction uses, fiberglass insulation is widely used in aerospace and automotive industries. In aerospace, it insulates structural parts of aircraft to ensure electronic systems function safely. In cars, it insulates engine compartments and wiring harnesses, improving both safety and performance.